Showing posts with label WSDOT; Spokane City; Spokane County; Spokane Valley. Show all posts
Showing posts with label WSDOT; Spokane City; Spokane County; Spokane Valley. Show all posts

Monday, September 21, 2015

Local Road Construction Update

For more information on all the projects below, and to see them in relation to each 
other on a map, check out SRTC's 2015 Spokane Regional Construction Map here. The map is updated as new projects start and existing ones wrap up.

You may notice that projects underway now are more prominent while ones that will start later this construction season are more in the background.

WSDOT
US 195-Southbound/I-90 to Excelsior Road- Be alert for southbound US 195 reduced to one lane in multiple work areas with possible slower traffic. Crews are replacing pavement panels. A temporary speed reduction of 45 MPH is in effect for the southbound lanes.

SPOKANE VALLEY
32nd and Collins- Narrowed lanes from 7 a.m.-7 p.m. until late October. A pedestrian detour will be posted when students are arriving and departing from U-City High School.

Argonne and Valleyway- Lane reductions on Argonne and a portion of Valleyway at Argonne from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until late October. Pedestrians will be redirected to the crosswalk on the north side of the intersection.

Bowdish from 44th to Sands and Bates from Ponderosa to 44th- Reduced to one lane in both directions with flaggers on Monday, September 21 from 7 a.m. until 5 p.m. 

Indiana at Spokane Valley Mall Entrance #2 - One lane in each direction on weekdays from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until late October. At least one lane will be open at all times.

Long between Sprague and 2nd- Narrowed lanes from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until early October. Access from Long to Sprague closed at times; detour via 2nd to Manifold. Pedestrian detour posted.

Manifold at Sprague - Access from Manifold to Sprague will be closed at times from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until early October. Detour via 2nd to Long. Pedestrian detour will be posted

Mansfield between Pines and Houk - Narrowed lanes from 7 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. through late September.  Traffic may be reduced to one lane at times with flaggers.  

Mullan and Valleyway- Lane reductions on Mullan and a portion of Valleyway at Mullan from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until late October. Pedestrians use crosswalk on the north side of the intersection.

Progress from Sprague to Valleyway-Traffic will be reduced to one lane in both directions on Monday, September 21 from 7 a.m to 11 a.m.

Sprague between Appleway and Arties- Narrow lanes from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until early October. Pedestrian detour will be posted.

Sprague between University and Bowdish- Closed Friday, September 25 for Valleyfest parade from 5:45 p.m. until 9 p.m. No turns from University onto eastbound Sprague. Detours via 4th & Valleyway will be posted.

Sprague between University and Pines- Closed Friday, September 25 for Valleyfest parade from 7 p.m. until 9 p.m. Gillis, Moffit, Skipworth, Bowdish, Fox, Union, Perrine, and Robie closed at Sprague. Detours via 4th & Valleyway will be posted.

Sullivan from 12th to Sprague- Traffic reduced to one lane in both directions on Tuesday, September 22 from 7:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. 

Sullivan from Trent to Wellesley - Reduced to one lane each direction through late September. The southbound Sullivan Road Bridge across the Spokane River is closed until Summer 2016 for bridge demolition and replacement work.  Traffic remains reduced to one lane northbound and two lanes southbound. Reductions at times to one lane southbound Monday through Friday between 5 a.m. and 2:30 p.m.  Turns from Indiana onto northbound Sullivan are reduced to one lane.

CITY OF SPOKANE
Rowan Avenue from Driscoll Boulevard to Alberta Street-
 
“A” Street will be closed through Monday, September 21 between Wellesley and Francis Avenue for waterline infrastructure work. This project is for reconstruction work from Driscoll Blvd. to Monroe Street. The project also includes installation of bike lanes, filling sidewalk gaps and replacing water lines.

Indiana Avenue from Division Street to Perry Street- Indiana is closed from Ruby to Dakota.  There will be occasional lane restrictions on Ruby. This project includes full depth roadway replacement and change lane configuration to one lane each direction with bike lanes.

Monroe/Lincoln Street Couplet, 4th Avenue to 2nd Avenue- 4th Avenue is re-opened to one lane access.  Jefferson Street from 3rd to 4th Avenue has local access only.  Work on Cedar Street between 3rd and 4th Avenue is complete and traffic access is back to normal. Lincoln and Monroe Street both have limited access along the east half of the street from 2nd to 4th Avenue. The project includes reconstruction of the street from 2nd to 4th Avenues and will replace the asphalt surfacing, including ADA ramps as needed. 

F Street from Rosamond Avenue to 6th Avenue- Grind and overlay of the roadway underway until October 6.

Erie Street from 1st Avenue to BNSF Overpass- Erie is closed for sewer repairs. The unpaved portion of Erie Street from 1st Avenue to the BNSF overpass will be paved.

Front Avenue from Erie to Helena- Improvements include installing 60 feet of new sewer main, repairs on existing sewer main and lining the existing sewer main with CIPP (cured in place pipe) technology. This project will connect to a future sewer overflow tank at approximately Crestline Street and Riverside Avenue, scheduled for 2017. There will be closures around the work zones for CIPP installation equipment and bypass pumps. 

Ray/Thor Street from 29th Avenue to 17th Avenue- Ray Street has been reduced to one lane in both directions. Side streets are closed. Improvements include the use of preservation treatments that include crack sealing, grind and overlay and pavement rejuvenation techniques. Pedestrian improvements include upgrades to ADA curb ramps and minor curb and sidewalk repairs.

Hartson from Altamont Street to Fiske Street- Hartson is closed. This project includes reconstructing the roadway, filling sidewalk gaps, replacing curbing where needed and installing ADA curb ramps. The project will also include replacement of water lines.

Wall Street and Main Avenue Intersection Work- 
The intersection of Main Street and Wall Street has reopened. Slow down and be cautious in this area keeping watching for pedestrians and bicyclists.

High Drive from Bernard Street to Grand Boulevard- This project includes pavement reconstruction, storm, sewer, swales, and water main replacement from Bernard Street to Grand Boulevard. Construction is expected last through the fall. The road is closed from Bernard to Grand.

Havana Street from Glenrose Road to 37th Avenue- Closed to traffic. Work has begun at the intersection of Freya and 44th with traffic and pedestrian improvements. Traffic will be impacted on both streets and will be controlled by flaggers and signs. Improvements include full width pavement replacement, complete sidewalk gaps and bicycle lanes.  This project also includes installation of a water transmission main between 37th Avenue and the Brown Park reservoirs at 57th Avenue.

Division Street Triangle- This project is for beautification improvements to the highly visible entrances to the City. The right hand lane heading west on Spokane Falls Boulevard is closed. Work is scheduled for completion in October. 

SPOKANE COUNTY
Christensen Road Bridge- Removal and Replace Bridge. Bridge is closed, a detour is in place.

Old Trails/ Inland Road- Reconstruction and Paving from Riverside State Park to Marchand Road. The road is closed. 

Elliot Road Culvert Replacement- SR 206 reduced to one lane in the area and a temporary traffic signal has been installed at Elliot Road and SR 206 to replace a culvert under Elliot Road.

Friday, September 11, 2015

Local Road Construction Update

For more information on all the projects below, and to see them in relation to each 
other on a map, check out SRTC's 2015 Spokane Regional Construction Map here. The map is updated as new projects start and existing ones wrap up.

You may notice that projects underway now are more prominent while ones that will start later this construction season are more in the background.

SPOKANE COUNTY
Christensen Road Bridge- Removal and replacement of bridge. A marked detour is in place while the bridge is closed.     

Old Trails/ Inland Road- Reconstruction and paving from Riverside State Park to Marchand Rd. Lane restrictions on Seven Mile Rd. to the state park.

Elliot Road Culvert Replacement- Highway 206 reduced to one lane in the area of Elliot Rd. and a temporary traffic signal has been installed.

WSDOT
I-90 Westbound & SR 902 Interchange Area- On Monday, Sept. 14, beginning at about 9 a.m. until as late as 3 p.m., expect lane restrictions with flaggers directing traffic at the westbound interchange on/off ramp intersection and the SR 902/Hayford Rd. Intersection. Crews will be patching pavement.

US 195-Southbound/I-90 to Excelsior Road- Southbound US 195 is reduced to one lane in multiple work areas with possible slower traffic for replacement of pavement panels. Work is underway from 8 pm, Saturday evening, Sept. 12 through Monday morning, Set. 14 at 6 a.m. in the vicinity of the Cheney-Spokane Road Interchange. A temporary speed reduction of 45 MPH is in effect for the southbound lanes.  

SR 290-Trent Ave./Sullivan Road to Idaho State Line- From about 6 p.m. until as late as 6 a.m. the following morning, rumble strip and guide post installation, plus pavement striping work will be underway along SR 290 between Wellesley and the State Line.  During these hours drivers should expect delays of up to 20 minutes with flaggers and pilot cars directing single lane traffic. 

SPOKANE VALLEY

32nd and Collins - Narrow lanes from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. through October. A pedestrian detour is posted when students are arriving and departing from U-City High School.

Argonne and Valleyway - One lane of Argonne and a portion of Valleyway is closed from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. through late October. Two-way traffic will be maintained on Valleyway. Pedestrians are expected to use the existing crosswalk on the north side of the intersection.

Indiana at Spokane Valley Mall Entrance #2 - One  lane in each direction on Indiana is closed from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. through late October. Access to the mall will be maintained.

Long between Sprague and 2nd - Narrowed lanes from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. through early October. Access from Long to Sprague will be closed at times, detour via 2nd to Manifold. 

Manifold at Sprague - Access from Manifold to Sprague will be closed at times from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. until early October, detour via 2nd to Long. Pedestrian detour will be posted

Mansfield Avenue between Pines Rd and Houk Rd.- Narrow lanes from 7 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. through late September for utility work and road reconstruction.  Traffic may be reduced to one lane at times with flaggers.  

Mullan and Valleyway - One lane of Mullan and a portion of Valleyway will be closed from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. through late October. Two-way traffic will be maintained on Valleyway. Pedestrians are expected to use the existing crosswalk on the north side of the intersection.

Sprague between Appleway and Arties - Expect narrow lanes from 7:00 a.m. until 7:00 p.m. until early October. Pedestrian detour will be posted.

Sullivan from Trent to Wellesley - Reduced to one lane each direction through early September. 
Sullivan Road Bridge Replacement Project Area: The southbound Sullivan Road Bridge across the Spokane River is closed until spring 2016 for bridge demolition and replacement work.  Traffic is reduced to one lane northbound and two lanes southbound. 
·         Expect reductions to one lane southbound Monday through Friday between 5:00 a.m. and 2:30 p.m.
·         Northbound traffic is restricted to vehicles ten feet wide or less.  Oversized vehicles should use Barker or Pines as alternatives.
·         Turns from Indiana onto northbound Sullivan are reduced to one lane.
·         Expect construction vehicles in the project area. 
·         The Centennial Trail below the bridge will be closed Monday through Friday all hours with signs redirecting trail users onto surface streets. 

SPOKANE CITY
Hillyard Hippie Happening- The 6th Annual Hillyard Hippie Happening is this Saturday. Both Queen and Olympic Avenue will be closed between Haven and Greene Street. 

Hatch Road Reopens- Friday, September 11 the City is reopening 43rd Avenue from Scott Street to Grand Boulevard. 43rd Avenue from Scott to Garfield Street will remain closed for sewer work. 

Front Avenue Sewer Repair- Work to install 60 feet of new sewer main and repair the existing sewer main starts Monday, Sept. 14. 

First Avenue from Helena to Altamont- This residential grind and overlay project resumes Monday, Sept. 14. Closure of 1st Avenue will last until October. The corner of Napa and 1st will be closed to thru traffic with a detour traffic route provided.

Grind and Overlay Projects- Work includes subgrade repair, crack sealing, modifying ADA ramps, striping and traffic control on these two projects:

o   Friday, August 28 till Friday, September 11
§  Dakota Street from Montgomery Avenue to North Foothills Drive
o   Friday, September 11 till Tuesday, October 6
§  F Street from Rosamond Avenue to 6th Avenue

Hartson Avenue from Altamont Street to Fiske Street- Hartson is closed.This project includes rebuilding the roadway, filling sidewalk gaps, replacing curbing where needed and installing ADA curb ramps. The project will also include replacement of water lines.

Monore/Lincoln Street Couplet, 4th Avenue to 2nd Avenue- Work on Cedar Street between 3rd and 4th avenues is complete. Jefferson Street from 3rd to 4th is closed for mainline installation. 4th Avenue from Jefferson to Monroe is also closed for mainline installation. Lincoln and Monroe Street both have limited access along the east half of the street from 2nd to 4th Avenue. The project includes reconstruction of the street from 2nd to 4th Avenues and will replace the asphalt surfacing, including ADA ramps as needed. 

Ray/Thor Street from 29th Avenue to 17th Avenue- Ray Street is reduced to one lane of traffic in both directions. No left hand turns are permitted. Side streets are closed. Improvements include the use of preservation treatments that include crack sealing, grind and overlay and pavement rejuvenation techniques. Pedestrian improvements include upgrades to ADA curb ramps and minor curb and sidewalk repairs.

Rowan Avenue Improvements- This project includes reconstruction of the street from Driscoll Blvd. to Monroe Street. The project also includes installation of bike lanes, filling sidewalk gaps and replacing water lanes.

Phase 2 of High Drive, Bernard Street to Grand Boulevard- This project includes pavement reconstruction, storm, sewer, swales, and water main replacement. The road is closed from Bernard Street to Grand Boulevard with local access only. 

Erie Street from 1st Avenue to the BNSF Overpass- Work starts Monday, Sept. 14 to pave the unpaved portion of Erie Street from 1st Avenue to the BNSF overpass, which marks the future Martin Luther King Jr. Way alignment.  

Havana Street from Glenrose Road to 37th Avenue- Glenrose is closed to traffic. Work has begun at the intersection of Freya and 44th. Improvements include full width pavement replacement, filling sidewalk gaps and bicycle lanes. This project will also include installation of a water transmission main between 37th Avenue and 57th Avenue.

Downtown Bicycle Network Completion- Crews will be removing striping on Main Street between Howard and Bernard. This work will have lane closures and possible lane shifts. These delays are from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. daily and expected to end Friday, September 11. This project will include restriping roadways to include bike lanes throughout downtown and appropriate signage.

Spokefest Road Closures- The eighth annual SpokeFest will feature four biking routes for bikers of all abilities and ages. Closures for this event include:
o   Spokane Falls closed at Stevens from 7 to 10 a.m.
o   Post closed north of Spokane Falls 5 a.m. to 5 p.m.
o   Howard closed Main to Spokane Falls 7 to 10 a.m.
o   Monroe Street closed 8:25 to 8:50 a.m. and 9:25 to 9:50 a.m.
o   Government Way closed northbound from Riverside 8:30 to 11 a.m.
o   Riverside St Park Rd closed 8 a.m to 12 a.m.
o   Aubrey White Parkway southbound from Rifle Club Road to Petit Drive 10am to 2pm.

Thursday, April 9, 2015

Local Road Construction Update


To see all of these projects on a map with more information, check out SRTC's interactive 2015 Spokane Regional Construction Map.

SPOKANE CITY
Monroe Street Closure- Monroe Street will be closed from 9-10:30 a.m. on Sunday, April 12 from Spokane Falls Boulevard to Broadway for the Negative Split Marathon. From 10:30 a.m. until about 1 p.m., south bound Monroe Street bridge traffic will be restricted to one lane. The west curb lane witll be closed between Main and College. Lincoln will be closed from 8 a.m. to about 12 p.m. between Spokane Falls to Bridge.  Riverside will be closed from about 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. between Hemlock to Government Way. Government Way north bound will be restricted to one lane from 9 a.m. to 1p.m. between Sunset and Riverside with runners using the east curb lane.
Magnolia Closure- Magnolia will be closed between 24th and Pinecrest until April 14 for a sewer line repair.

37th Avenue Closure- 37th Avenue is closed between Lee St. and Altamont St. for work on the Garden Park Booster Station. The detour route for this project is Crestline to Thurston to Regal. This work is for installation of a new transmission main and connection to the new Booster Station. 
SPOKANE COUNTY
Barker Road Closure- Barker Road will be closed between Chapman Road and 15th Avenue from Monday, April 13 until Monday, April 19 to install a sewer.
SPOKANE VALLEY
Bowdish Road south of Sprague Avenue- Temporary lane restrictions from 7 a.m. on Monday, April 6 through 5 p.m. on Friday, April 24 for median work.
University at Appleway Intersection:
University at Appleway will be reduced to one lane in each direction from 7 a.m. Monday, April 6 through Friday, April 24 at 5 p.m. for work on the Appleway Trail. Appleway at University will be reduced to two lanes for median work. 
Government Way lane closure-
 The right hand turn lane from Government Way onto Fort George Wright and the southern east bound lane on Fort George Wright will be closed until April 30 to replace the curb and sidewalk. 
3rd Avenue Closure- CenturyLink will be working on 3
rd from Cowley to Sherman until April 13 to splice fiber optic cable. The left lane on east bound 3rd will be closed.

Elm Closure- Elm is closed between Riverside and 1st until April 13 for a sewer repair. 

Division Gateway Construction Continues- This project is for beautification improvements to five highly visible locations at the I90 and Division Street gateway entrances to the City.  Work is from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. and will include the closure of one westbound lane on the off ramp and the West lane under I90.
     
South Perry Grind and Overlay Work- Work continues on a grind and overlay project on South Perry Street from 43rd to 49th Avenue.  

Residential Street Sweeping: Street sweeping vehicles in residential areas throughout the city Monday-Friday from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. through May.

WSDOT
Crews are replacing deteriorated freeway signage.

North Spokane Corridor/Francis Avenue Bridge and Intersection Improvements- Traffic across the bridge will be restricted to one lane at times, between the hours of 7 a.m. and 5 p.m.  
   
NSC/BNSF Railway Structures/Realignment & Ped/Bike Trail Extension-On Thursday, April 16 from about 10 a.m. until as late as noon, the southbound North Spokane Corridor lanes will be intermittently closed as the contractor sets each of the three bridge girders for the pedestrian overpass near Freya Street.  Drivers may be delayed for 30 minutes or more during the placement process for each girder.  

I-90/Spokane Area Guardrail Upgrades- Work at the I-90/US 195 Interchange will require the following on/off ramp closures:
I-90/Spokane Area Guardrail Upgrades-  Monday evenings through Saturday mornings, between 7 p.m. and 6 a.m. the following morning, be alert for eastbound and/or westbound shoulder and/or lane restrictions on I-90 between the US 195 Interchange and the Thor/Freya Interchange. Drivers may also see narrow lanes and/or lane restrictions on the on/off ramps, bridges, and adjacent streets. Crews are replacing guardrail sections in some segments of Interstate 90 in the Spokane metro area.

US 2/Spokane Airport Vicinity Signage Upgrade- Equipment and workers on the shoulders with possible shoulder restrictions or lane restrictions.  All ramps will be open.  No delays expected.
  • Friday, Apr. 10 and Monday April 13, from 10 p.m. until 6 a.m. the next morning-Westbound I-90 off ramp to southbound US 195.
  • Tuesday, April 14, from 10 p.m. until 6 a.m. the next morning-Northbound US 195 off ramp to westbound I-90.
  • Wednesday, Apr 15 and Thursday, Apr. 16, from 10 p.m. until 6 a.m. the following morning-Northbound US 195 off ramp to eastbound I-90.
  • Friday, Apr. 17, from 10 p.m. until 6 a.m. the following morning-Eastbound I-90 off ramp to southbound US 195.
  

Thursday, August 14, 2014

Local Road Construction Update

WSDOT
US 2/Espanola Road to Interstate 90- On Monday, Aug. 18, beginning at 7 p.m. until as late as 6 a.m. Tuesday morning, Hayford Road will be closed to the north and south of US 2 in order to resurface the highway and install a signal system. Detours will be available. In general, between the hours of 7 p.m. and 6 a.m., Monday through Friday, expect intermittent lane closures in the vicinity of Flint Rd. Be alert for flaggers directing traffic and trucks entering and exiting the roadway. Flint Road is closed from US 2 to the south and closed to the north between 7 p.m. and 6 a.m. Monday through Friday. Grinding and paving will continue between the hours of 7 p.m. and 6 a.m. from FAFB through Airway Heights towards I-90.  

I-90/Liberty Park to Havana Street- During evening and overnight hours, from about 9 p.m. until the following morning at 5 a.m., be alert for on and off ramp closures as crews replacing light poles. Also watch for outside lane closures from 7 p.m. to the following morning at 6 a.m. 

I-90/Barker Road to Idaho Border- Crews are resurfacing the freeway during evenings and overnight hours, from about 7 p.m. until as late as 6 a.m. the following morning and on some weekends. 

SR 290-Trent Avenue/Pines to Sullivan Road- Be alert for lane restrictions as crews patch the asphalt.

NSC/BNSF Railway Structures/Realignment & Ped/Bike Trail Extension- Today, Aug. 14, possible short delays on Freya when girders are delivered as crews construct two bridges over the BNSF tracks and two pedestrian bridges.

SPOKANE CITY
Garland Street Between Monroe and Howard- Garland will be closed between Monroe and Howard and Wall, Post and Lincoln closed between Providence and Walton from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. Friday, Aug. 16.

Riverside Closure- Riverside will be closed between Washington and Bernard Street from 6 p.m. - Midnight on Friday, Aug. 16.

Division Street Sidewalk Closure- There will be a continuing sidewalk closure Wednesday, July 23 - Sunday, August 31 for demolition work at  1120 N. Division.

TBD Residential Grind and Overlay Project- The project will complete a grind and overlay repair on the following streets:

o   Pittsburg Street from Heroy Avenue to Wellesley Avenue and Heroy Avenue from Helena Street to Pittsburg Street and Arthur Street from 13th Avenue to Newark Avenue (excluding 9th Avenue west to 9th Avenue east)
o   Downriver Drive from Aubrey L White Parkway to Columbia Circle
o   Excell Avenue from G Street to Audubon Drive

Hamblen School Sidewalk Project-Intermittent road work next week on Thurston in the area of Napa and Crestline. This project will construct various width sidewalks on various streets around Hamblen Elementary School, including ADA compliant curb ramps on all corners where new sidewalk is constructed. 

Lincoln/Monroe Resurfacing- Reconstruction of the street by replacing the asphalt surfacing, including ADA ramps as needed. Lincoln/Monroe street will be closed from 7th-17th Avenues through mid-October.

High Drive from 29th Avenue to Bernard- This project includes pavement reconstruction, CSO storage facilities, storm, sewer, swales, and water main replacement. 

North Division Sidewalk Project- This project will construct missing sidewalk in gaps adjacent to Division between Empire and Lyons. There will be a right lane closure from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

Francis Avenue from Division to Crestline- This project will rehabilitate Francis Avenue from Division to Crestline Streets.  The work is curb to curb and includes installation of ADA curb ramps, where needed.

SPOKANE VALLEY
Appleway Boulevard from Thierman to Park- Reduced to two lanes eastbound through early September for resurfacing, stormwater drainage improvements, and sidewalk work.

Sprague Avenue from Vista to Herald- Reduced to two lanes westbound through early September for resurfacing, stormwater drainage improvements, and sidewalk work.


8th Avenue from McKinnon to Fancher- Closed to all but local traffic beginning August 19 through mid-September for resurfacing and stormwater drainage improvements. 

SPOKANE COUNTY
Country Homes Restoration Project - The southbound lane of Country Homes Blvd. from Cedar Rd. to Wall St., southbound lane is closed to thru traffic.  Northbound lane is open with occasional restrictions.

Bruce Rd. Bridge Replacement/Road Work - The bridge is closed for replacement and will not reopen until October or November. A detour is in place.

Farwell Rd. (Market St. to North Spokane Corridor) - Under construction, watch for lane restrictions.  



About SRTC

SRTC is the federally designated Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for Spokane County. Urbanized areas with populations exceeding 50,000 people are required to have an MPO. SRTC was formed to address the county's transportation planning needs. It provides coordination in planning between the public, cities, small towns, the county, the state, transit providers, and tribes.

SRTC offers services including transportation monitoring, transportation modeling, census information analysis, travel demand forecasting, historical traffic count analysis, geographic information systems, and trip generation rates.